Pastry shims are 25 cm (10") long strips of varying thickness, often 3, 5 and 10 mm, which allow you to roll out dough (shortbread, shortcrust, etc.) to exactly the right thickness, limiting the action of the rolling pin.
If you intend to buy:
It's best to opt for a set of strips, in at least 3 different thicknesses, that can be easily washed.