Pastry doughs


Pastry doughs
To make a classic tart, you'll need a pastry of course, and if you don't use puff pastry (normally reserved for "fine", in french, tarts), you'll have a choice of shortcrust, shortbread, sweetcrust or "à foncer".

Let's take a look at the differences between these four.
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Keywords for this post:PastryDoughShortbreadSweetShortcrustButterSugarFlourProportionsPercentage
Last modified on: August 16th 2024
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First of all, what they have in common: All four are basic French pastry doughs, known as "sèches" (dry). They are made to fill molds, mainly for tarts or tartlets, and are very similar in appearance.
The minimum ingredients, common to all, are :
  1. Flour
  2. Butter
  3. Sugar
  4. Salt (a little)
The differences are more in the proportions, and particularly in the percentage of butter and sugar in relation to the flour.
Here's a table showing the values and percentages of each, for a recipe using 500g of flour:

Shortcrust pastry (pâte brisée)Shortbread pastry (pâte sablée)Sweet pastry (pâte sucrée)Pâte "A foncer"
Flour500 gr500 g500 g500 g
Butter350 gr (70%)350 gr (70%)200 gr (40%)150 gr (30%)
Sugar20 gr (4%)110 gr (22%)250 gr (50%)40 gr (8%)

And the same values in graph form:

pâtes en graphiques

As you can see, the doughs are very similar, only the proportions of sugar and butter vary. These are what characterize the dough, and determine what it's made for.

Of course, all this is related to the recipes I use, and which are on this same site, but there are practically as many as there are pastry chefs (pro or amateur), which obviously makes the proportions vary, and even sometimes the ingredients: some will tell you that there's no egg, but water or milk, in shortcrust pastry for example.

But here are a few general remarks:To sum up: The four basic pastry doughs of French pastry-making: Brisée, sablée, sucrée and à foncer, differ above all in their ratio of butter and sugar to flour weight. These percentages determine their use.

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